Commodity import and export strategy until 2030

I. Strategic viewpoints
1. To develop sustainable import and export on basis of harmonization of commodity structure, market structure and trade balance with each market and market area; harmonize between short-term and long-term goals; harmonize opportunities to participate in and enjoy fruits of import and export growth; associated with green trade and fair trade with environmental protection, biodiversity and adaptation to climate change.
2. To develop import and export of goods in association with investment in development of economic - technical, scientific - technological infrastructure, digital transformation, development of the digital economy and development of a green, clean and sustainable production sustainable, circular and improve quality of human resources. Increasing innovation content in exported products; building and developing brand name of Vietnamese goods for export.
3. Develop import and export in association with sectoral and local development master plans and plans in order to promote competitive advantages, effectively exploit opportunities and limit impact of challenges in implementation of international economy integration commitments, deeply involved in global supply chains and value chains.
II. Objectives
1. Overall objectives
Import and export develop sustainably with a balanced and harmonious structure, promote competitive and comparative advantages, develop brand name of Vietnamese goods, improve the country's position in global value chain and is driving force of rapid and sustainable economic growth.
2. Specific objectives
a) Stable growth of exports and imports, healthy and reasonable trades balance.
- Commodity export growth rate is on average 6 - 7%/year in a period 2021 - 2030, of which in a period 2021 - 2025, average export growth will be 8 - 9%/year; in a period of 2026 – 2030, average growth of 5-6%/year.
- Average growth rate of goods imports is 5 - 6%/year in a period of 2021 - 2030, of which in a period of 2021 - 2025, average import growth rate is 7 - 8%/year; in a period of 2026 – 2030, average growth of 4-5%/year.
- Keep trade balance in a period of 2021 - 2025, towards maintaining a sustainable trade surplus in a period of 2026 - 2030; towards a healthy and reasonable trade balance with key trading partners.
b) Sustainable development of import and export with a balanced and harmonious product and market structure
- Increase proportion of export processing and manufacturing industrial goods to 88% of total export turnover by 2025 and 90% by 2030; in which, export proportion of medium and high-tech goods will reach about 65% by 2025 and 70% by 2030.
- Increase proportion of export markets in EU to 16 - 17% of total export turnover by 2025 and 18 - 19% by 2030; the US to 32 - 33% of total export turnover by 2025 and 33 - 34% by 2030; proportion of export market in Asia is about 49 - 50% by 2025 and 46 - 47% by 2030.
- Increase proportion of import market from the EU to 8-9% of total import turnover by 2025 and 10 - 11% by 2030; the US region to 8 - 9% of total import turnover by 2025 and 10 - 11% by 2030; reduce share of import market from Asia to about 78% of total import turnover by 2025 and 75% by 2030.
III. Orientation for import and export of goods
1. Commodity export orientation
a) General orientation
- Sustainable export development, bringing into play comparative advantages and transforming a rational growth model in depth, effectively using resources, protecting ecological environment and well solving social problems.
- Promote in-depth restructuring of export goods, accelerate industrialization and modernization; increase proportion of export products with added value, with science - technology content, high innovation content, green economic products, circular economy, eco-friendly products school.
b) Industry development orientation
- Group of agricultural, forestry and fishery products: increasing proportion of deeply processed products with high economic value; improve ability to meet regulations, standards of quality, food hygiene and safety, standards of social responsibility and environment; proactively adapt and overcome trade barriers and trade remedies in foreign markets.
- Group of processed and manufactured industrial goods: increasing domestic value of exported goods, reducing dependence on imported raw materials, spare parts and components; increase proportion of medium and high-tech industrial goods; rapidly increase proportion of export products with high technology and innovation content.
- Discourage development of production and export of resource-intensive and environment-polluting products; focus on investment and development of export of green economic products, environmentally friendly.
Detailed itinerary and steps are as follows:
+ In a period 2021 - 2025: Increase rate of processing of key agricultural and aquatic products with production and export advantages combined with building and developing typical brands of Vietnamese agricultural products; increase added value for labor-intensive and highly competitive products such as textiles, footwear, electronics, and medium-tech manufacturing products.
+ In a period of 2026 - 2030: Developing new products with high added value, agricultural products and deep-processed aquatic products; medium- and high-tech manufacturing industrial products, applying achievements of industrial revolution 4.0; supporting industrial products.
2. Import orientation of goods
- Actively adjust growth rate of goods imports, control import of domestically produced goods, luxury goods, non-essential goods and control quality of imported goods.
- Increase proportion of imported modern machinery and equipment, advanced production lines from countries with developed industries, especially high technology, source technology and absorb achievements of industrial revolution 4.0 to create a premise to improve productivity, quality and competitiveness of export products and carry out in-depth restructuring of export goods.
3. Orientation to develop export and import markets
- Diversify market, avoid excessive dependence on one market area; towards a healthy and reasonable bilateral trade balance, ensuring long-term sustainable growth.
- Effectively exploiting market opening opportunities from international economic integration commitments in free trade agreements to boost exports to major markets such as the EU, Japan, China, and Korea. National, ASEAN...
- To step up exploitation of potential markets such as the United States, Russia, Eastern Europe, Northern Europe, India, Africa, the Middle East and Latin America...aiming to build stable, long term, permanent trade frameworks.
- Continue to restructure import market in direction of reducing proportion of imports from low-tech and intermediate technology markets and increasing proportion of imports from source technology markets.
IV. Strategy implementation solutions
1. Developing production, creating a sustainable supply for export
a) Industrial production development
- Restructuring industries associated with digital transformation, especially in processing and manufacturing industries, in order to create breakthroughs and new impetus for production and export growth.
- Strengthen coordination of development by regions and territories in order to improve efficiency of regional linkages, contributing to formation of industrial clusters and value chains in the country, in order to take advantage of industrial agglomeration in the region, some localities and economic regions.
- Effectively implement sector development plans; strategies and projects on investment and development of industrial parks and clusters; strategies, schemes and plans to build centers for supply of raw materials and accessories.
- Promote research and application of technology, innovate production management process in order to improve productivity, quality and competitiveness of exported products, in which focusing on the technologies of industrial revolution 4.0 (Artificial intelligence, big data, IoT, 3D printing, new materials,...).
- Remove barriers on legal system and economic and financial policies for science, technology and innovation activities, encourage projects, research on new materials, production and export of environmentally friendly products, products with high innovation content.
b) Agricultural production development
- Implement agricultural restructuring plan in association with digital transformation, digital economy development, clean and sustainable green production, tourism and culinary development.
- To adopt policies to develop agricultural production for each grade of key products: (i) National products; (ii) Local products; (iii) OCOP products; policy of building material production areas, focusing on application of advanced technical processes for processing agricultural products for export.
- Strengthening linkages and promoting role of farmers' organizations (cooperative groups, agricultural cooperatives) in developing product value chain from production, purchasing, preservation, processing and marketing, market access, ensuring harmony of interests between stages of production, processing and export of agricultural products.
- Developing preservation technology to increase added value for processed agricultural products; to step up implementation and application of traceability system for agricultural and aquatic products for export.
- To promote role of locality in selecting suitable agricultural products to form concentrated production areas according to the planning; develop strategies to develop key products, featured agricultural products, develop brands along with quality and food safety standards that meet international standards.
2. Developing export and import markets, ensuring long-term sustainable growth
- Building, consolidating and developing economic and trade cooperation relations with other countries through effective implementation of commitments in free trade agreements; negotiating Free Trade Agreements with partners approved by the Government, focusing on partners with large market capacity and willingness to open the market for Vietnamese goods, especially agricultural products on a reciprocal basis; Feasibility study on negotiating and signing preferential trade agreements with a number of potential new partners.
- Improve capacity and strengthen monitoring, market research, forecasting and updating of changes in trade policies, non-tariff barriers in export markets.
- Promote Vietnamese enterprises to directly participate in goods distribution networks in foreign markets.
- Strengthening measures to support protection of intellectual property and geographical indications of Vietnam's potential export products in key foreign markets; strengthen propaganda and training on intellectual property for import-export enterprises.
- Improve policies and mechanisms for state management of trade promotion activities. Strengthening organization and capacity building of the trade promotion network at home and abroad to promote trade promotion at the government, industry, local and corporate levels.
- Implement export and import promotion plans according to strategic orientations on key market groups and priority product groups in each period. Innovating and diversifying trade promotion methods for import and export through accelerating the application of information technology and digital transformation in trade promotion activities, effectively combining promotional activities with other trade promotion activities, promoting trade with investment promotion, culture, tourism...Focusing on building and developing brands for Vietnam's potential export products and industries.
3. Improve institutions, strengthen state management in the organization of import and export activities in order to facilitate trade, combat trade frauds and aim for fair trade
- Institutional reform, improving business investment environment, reforming administrative procedures, creating a competitive environment.
- Accelerate development and application of a national standard system in harmony with international and regional standards, including technical standards, product quality standards, social and environmental standards.
- Guiding and supporting businesses to apply and obtain certificates of green growth and sustainable growth, in line with international standards and standards of target markets.
- Admin appropriate monetary and exchange rate policies in the new context, aiming for publicity, transparency and sustainability.
- Strengthen inspection, supervision and handling of violations of environmental protection in import and export activities, violations of trade fraud, origin fraud and evasion of trade remedies.
- Finalize laws and policies on trade remedies, consider amending relevant legal documents in the field of trade remedies or study and develop the Law on Trade Remedies.
- Ensuring security and social justice in import and export activities; promoting green growth and sustainable import and export development.
4. Mobilizing and effectively using resources for export development, upgrading logistics infrastructure, reducing logistics costs
- Calling on large and multinational corporations to participate in investment in export production projects, giving priority to large-scale projects, modern technology, highly competitive products and ability to participate global value chain.
- Develop and complete sets of output standards at intermediate and college levels for human resources in export-producing industries and professions in direction of approaching standards of developed countries in the world. Strengthening connection between vocational education institutions and manufacturing and exporting enterprises from stage of program development, training organization, assessment and job creation.
- Building capacity of testing organizations, certification organizations, and national laboratories to meet international standards to serve the assessment of conformity with national standards, international standards and region standards and its own standards for exported goods.
- Upgrading transport infrastructure, warehouses, seaports, developing various types of logistics services, reducing logistics costs, increasing application of information technology in logistics.
- Developing domestic transport fleet to actively exploit domestic and foreign transport markets; have a connection strategy between types of multimodal transport.
5. Manage and control imports to meet needs of domestic production and aim for a healthy and reasonable trade balance
- Improve institutions and enhance capacity for trade remedy investigation agencies; strengthening efficiency and inter-sectoral coordination mechanism in process of handling trade remedy cases; step up training and propaganda on trade remedies for state managers, business community, associations and related organizations.
- Improve economic efficiency of industries producing import-substituting goods, gradually lowering protective barriers so that enterprises can proactively develop investment strategies according to tax reduction roadmap, increase equipment innovation, technology, putting pressure on domestic manufacturing enterprises to improve economic efficiency, reduce costs and compete with imported goods.
- Strengthen management and quality control of imported goods through measures in line with international commitments.
- Having policies to encourage competitive import through a bidding mechanism, giving priority to import of machinery, equipment, high technology, supplies, basic raw materials which cannot be produced at home or produced in the domestic market but not enough to meet demand.
- Promoting imports and attracting investment from a number of key partners, especially partners that can help Vietnam strengthen its technological capacity, and at the same time, healthy and rationalize the trade balance.
6. Enhancing the role of industry associations and nuclear enterprises, promoting the formation of large-scale export value chains
- Developing private enterprises, supporting export enterprises to overcome barriers and trade remedies in foreign markets.
- Strengthening connection between foreign-invested enterprises and domestic enterprises, creating spillover, co-linking, cooperation and development.
- Promoting role of the industry association as a bridge between State management agencies and businesses, protecting legitimate rights and interests of businesses in international trade disputes.
V. Strategy implementation budget
Funding sources for implementation of the Strategy shall be arranged from following sources: State budget, enterprise capital, grants, aid and other lawfully mobilized capital sources as prescribed by law; in which the State budget source is partly supportive according to its ability to balance. State budget sources comply with provisions of the State ubdget law, law on public investment and the current State budget decentralization.
VI. Implementation organization
1. Based on objectives, orientations, solutions and groups of solutions of the strategy approved in this decision, strategy for development of sectors and relevant national program, Ministry of Industry and Trade shall assume prime responsibility for, coordinate with ministries, sectors, localities and industry associations to develop an action plan to implement this strategy, specifying the contents and tasks of ministries, branches and agencies, and deadlines for completion and implementation resources; submit to Prime Minister for approval at the beginning of 3rd quarter of 2022.
2. Based on objectives and orientations of the strategy and action program for implementation of this strategy, Ministry of Industry and Trade guides ministries, branches and People's Committees of provinces and centrally-run cities to develop plans. Action plan to implement the strategy according to functions and authority.
3. Ministry of Industry and Trade shall assume prime responsibility for and coordinate with relevant ministries and branches and the People's Committees of provinces and centrally run cities in, organizing implementation of strategy; periodically evaluate implementation of strategy every 5 years; propose to Prime Minister for decision to adjust objectives and contents of the strategy in case of necessity.

Source: Vitic/ thuvienphapluat.vn